Dopamine and it's Brothers:
Dopaime is a molecule with various chemical groups located at it's ends. These chemical group react with other chemicals to form structurally different molecules with similar properties. Three of these molecules are represented in the diagram below. They all have similar properties because of their similar structures.
Dopaime is a molecule with various chemical groups located at it's ends. These chemical group react with other chemicals to form structurally different molecules with similar properties. Three of these molecules are represented in the diagram below. They all have similar properties because of their similar structures.
Elements play a crucial role in determining the properties of a similar molecule. For example, these dopamine lookalikes are all polar due to the arrangement of the elements: electronegativity differences. Also these molecules are rather negative at its ends thanks to the elements with various lone electrons. This helps the molecule to float easily through the blood stream as proteins are also negative in nature therefore repelling each and never having friction.
Isomers of Dopamime: An isomer of a molecule is two or more different compounds with the same formula but different arrangements of atoms in the molecule and different chemical properties. Dopamine is such a large structure there fore it would be meticulous to find another molecule with the exact same atoms but in a different order. However, dopamine does have rotational isomers. Rotational isomers are isomers stereoisomers that can be converted into one another by the rotation of a single bond.
Isomers of Dopamime: An isomer of a molecule is two or more different compounds with the same formula but different arrangements of atoms in the molecule and different chemical properties. Dopamine is such a large structure there fore it would be meticulous to find another molecule with the exact same atoms but in a different order. However, dopamine does have rotational isomers. Rotational isomers are isomers stereoisomers that can be converted into one another by the rotation of a single bond.
Polymerism and Dopamine: Polymers are large structures consisting of a large number of similar units bonded together. Dopamine usually undergoes self polymerization where it bonds to itself to make a larger polydopamine. It can be prepared in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media oxidant-induced polymerization, which is material independent and multifunctional for surface modification. This essentially means that dopamine can form larger molecules of itself when under these conditions. Dopamine has also shown to be part of a polymer under electrochemical behavior. The polymers name is (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl)isonicotinamide. Firstly the polymer is dissolved in DMF. Then it is syringed glassy carbon electrodes and dried. The electrode is then used in aqueous electrolyte solution with pH 7. At potentials more negative than -0.9 V(SCE), cathodic currents caused cleavage of the amide linkage and release of the neurotransmitter dopamine. If dopamine can be siphon out of a larger molecule like this case, then this molecule is a polymer of dopamine.
Organic Structures within Dopamine: Dopamine contains both a benzene ring, an amide group, and Two alcohol groups.
Organic Structures within Dopamine: Dopamine contains both a benzene ring, an amide group, and Two alcohol groups.
How the Organic Groups of Dopamine Regularly React:
These organic end groups react fairly well since as shown earlier, it is at these end point that dopamine can form bonds with other elements to make different compounds with similar properties. The Amine group (C-NRH) react either by substitution (of H), addition (to N); oxidation (of N). The alcoholic groups (C-OH) react either by substitution (of H); substitution (of OH), elimination (of HOH); oxidation (elimination of 2H).
These organic end groups react fairly well since as shown earlier, it is at these end point that dopamine can form bonds with other elements to make different compounds with similar properties. The Amine group (C-NRH) react either by substitution (of H), addition (to N); oxidation (of N). The alcoholic groups (C-OH) react either by substitution (of H); substitution (of OH), elimination (of HOH); oxidation (elimination of 2H).
References:
Similar molecules to dopamine pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Dopamine_degradation.svg/2000px-Dopamine_degradation.svg.png
Isomers of Dopamine: http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/stereochem/definitions6.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUTVUw9ULUQ
Polymerism and Dopamine: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00354a016
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2010/PY/c0py00215a#!divAbstract
Organic Structures within Dopamine: http://www.dopadoc.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/dopamine.jpg
How the Organic Groups of Dopamine Regularly React: http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/react1.htm
Similar molecules to dopamine pic: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Dopamine_degradation.svg/2000px-Dopamine_degradation.svg.png
Isomers of Dopamine: http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/stereochem/definitions6.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUTVUw9ULUQ
Polymerism and Dopamine: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja00354a016
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2010/PY/c0py00215a#!divAbstract
Organic Structures within Dopamine: http://www.dopadoc.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/dopamine.jpg
How the Organic Groups of Dopamine Regularly React: http://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/VirtTxtJml/react1.htm